Gestational Diabetes: What to Know?

It is a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy.

It is caused by hormonal changes that interfere with the body’s ability to use insulin.

It is usually temporary, but women who have had it are at increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life.

Symptoms of Gestational Diabetes (Diabetes During Pregnancy)

1. Excessive thirst and increased hunger
2. Urinating more frequently
3. Blurred vision
4. Fatigue and unusual weight gain
5. Yeast infections
6. Slow healing of cuts and bruises
7. Nausea and vomiting
8. Difficulty concentrating

Risk factors of Gestational Diabetes

• Age

• Family history

• Excess weight

• Previous gestational diabetes

• Previous delivery of a large baby

• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

• High blood pressure

• Low physical activity

Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes is typically diagnosed through Glucose Challenge Test done between 24 and 28 weeks (about 6 and a half months) of pregnancy.

If a woman has a higher-than-normal blood sugar level Oral Glucose Tolerance Test is suggested to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment of Gestational Diabetes

Treatment aims to ensure the health of both the mother and baby.

The primary goal of treatment is to keep blood sugar levels within normal ranges through lifestyle changes, increasing physical activity, and monitoring blood sugar levels.

In addition, women with gestational diabetes should be monitored for fetal growth, birth defects, and signs of preeclampsia.

Diet to Deal with Gestational Diabetes

1. Eat small, frequent meals
2. Include complex carbohydrates such as whole grains, beans, and legumes
3. Choose lean proteins such as fish, skinless chicken, and tofu
4. Include non-starchy vegetables like spinach, mushrooms, peppers, and zucchini
5. Include healthy fats like avocado, olive oil, and nuts
6. Avoid simple carbohydrates like white bread, white rice, and sugary food, processed and fried foods.
7. Drink plenty of water

Prevention of Gestational Diabetes

1. Eat a Balanced Diet
2. Exercise Regularly
3. Monitor Blood Sugar Levels
4. Take Supplements
5. Limit Caffeine Intake
6. Stop Smoking

A healthy diet is essential for managing gestational diabetes. It’s important to focus on eating a balanced diet that includes complex carbohydrates, lean protein, high-fiber foods, healthy fats, and low-glycemic index foods. At the same time, it’s important to avoid processed foods, sugary drinks, high-glycemic index foods, saturated and trans fats, and alcohol. By following these guidelines, you can help to keep your blood sugar levels under control and ensure a healthy pregnancy.